Earth, Wind & Fire
Biography
Earth, Wind & Fire were one of the most musically accomplished, critically acclaimed, and commercially popular funk bands of the '70s. Conceived by drummer, bandleader, songwriter, kalimba player, and occasional vocalist Maurice White, EWF's all-encompassing musical vision used funk as its foundation, but also incorporated jazz, smooth soul, gospel, pop, rock & roll, psychedelia, blues, folk, African music, and, later on, disco. Lead singer Philip Bailey gave EWF an extra dimension with his talent for crooning sentimental ballads in addition to funk workouts; behind him, the band could harmonize like a smooth Motown group, work a simmering groove like the J.B.'s, or improvise like a jazz fusion outfit. Plus, their stage shows were often just as elaborate and dynamic as George Clinton's P-Funk empire. More than just versatility for its own sake, EWF's eclecticism was part of a broader concept informed by a cosmic, mystical spirituality and an uplifting positivity the likes of which hadn't been seen since the early days of Sly & the Family Stone. Tying it all together was the accomplished songwriting of Maurice White, whose intricate, unpredictable arrangements and firm grasp of hooks and structure made EWF one of the tightest bands in funk when they wanted to be.
Not everything they tried worked, but at their best, Earth, Wind & Fire seemingly took all that came before them and wrapped it up into one dizzying, spectacular package.
White founded Earth, Wind & Fire in Chicago in 1969. He had previously honed his chops as a session drummer for Chess Records, where he played on songs by the likes of Fontella Bass, Billy Stewart, and Etta James, among others. In 1967, he'd replaced Redd Holt in the popular jazz group the Ramsey Lewis Trio, where he was introduced to the kalimba, an African thumb piano he would use extensively in future projects. In 1969, he left Lewis' group to form a songwriting partnership with keyboardist Don Whitehead and singer Wade Flemons. This quickly evolved into a band dubbed the Salty Peppers, which signed with Capitol and scored a regional hit with "La La Time." When a follow-up flopped, White decided to move to Los Angeles, and took most of the band with him; he also renamed them Earth, Wind & Fire, after the three elements in his astrological charts. By the time White convinced his brother, bassist Verdine White, to join him on the West Coast in 1970, the lineup also consisted of Whitehead, Flemons, female singer Sherry Scott, guitarist Michael Beal, tenor saxophonist Chet Washington, trombonist Alex Thomas, and percussionist Yackov Ben Israel. This aggregate signed a new deal with Warner Bros. and issued its self-titled debut album in late 1970. Many critics found it intriguing and ambitious, much like the 1971 follow-up, The Need of Love, but neither attracted much commercial attention, despite a growing following on college campuses and a high-profile gig performing the soundtrack to Melvin Van Peebles' groundbreaking black independent film Sweet Sweetback's Baadasssss Song.
Dissatisfied with the results, White dismantled the first version of EWF in 1972, retaining only brother Verdine. He built a new lineup with female vocalist Jessica Cleaves, flute/sax player Ronnie Laws, guitarist Roland Bautista, keyboardist Larry Dunn, and percussionist Ralph Johnson; the most important new addition, however, was singer Philip Bailey, recruited from a Denver R&B band called Friends & Love. After seeing the group open for John Sebastian in New York, Clive Davis signed them to CBS, where they debuted in 1972 with Last Days and Time. Further personnel changes ensued; Laws and Bautista were all gone by year's end, replaced by reedman Andrew Woolfolk and guitarists Al McKay and Johnny Graham. It was then that EWF truly began to hit their stride. 1973's Head to the Sky (Cleaves' last album with the group) significantly broadened their cult following, and the 1974 follow-up, Open Our Eyes, was their first genuine hit. It marked their first collaboration with producer, arranger, and sometime songwriting collaborator Charles Stepney, who helped streamline their sound for wider acceptance; it also featured another White brother, Fred, brought in as a second drummer. The single "Mighty Mighty" became EWF's first Top Ten hit on the R&B charts, although pop radio shied away from its black-pride subtext, and the minor hit "Kalimba Story" brought Maurice White's infatuation with African sounds to the airwaves. Open Our Eyes went gold, setting the stage for the band's blockbuster breakthrough.
In 1975, EWF completed work on another movie soundtrack, this time to a music-biz drama called That's the Way of the World. Not optimistic about the film's commercial prospects, the group rushed out their soundtrack album of the same name (unlike Sweet Sweetback, they composed all the music themselves) in advance. The film flopped, but the album took off; its lead single, the love-and-encouragement anthem "Shining Star," shot to the top of both the R&B and pop charts, making Earth, Wind & Fire mainstream stars; it later won a Grammy for Best R&B Vocal Performance by a Group. The album also hit number one on both the pop and R&B charts, and went double platinum; its title track went Top Five on the R&B side, and it also contained Bailey's signature ballad in the album cut "Reasons." White used the new income to develop EWF's live show into a lavish, effects-filled extravaganza, which eventually grew to include stunts designed by magician Doug Henning. The band was also augmented by a regular horn section, the Phoenix Horns, headed by saxophonist Don Myrick. Their emerging concert experience was chronicled later that year on the double-LP set Gratitude, which became their second straight number one album and featured one side of new studio tracks. Of those, "Sing a Song" reached the pop Top Ten and the R&B Top Five, and the ballad "Can't Hide Love" and the title track were also successful.
Sadly, during the 1976 sessions for EWF's next studio album, Spirit, Charles Stepney died suddenly of a heart attack. Maurice White took over the arranging chores, but the Stepney-produced "Getaway" managed to top the R&B charts posthumously. Spirit naturally performed well on the charts, topping out at number two. In the meantime, White was taking a hand in producing other acts; in addition to working with his old boss Ramsey Lewis, he helped kick start the careers of the Emotions and Deniece Williams. 1977's All n' All was another strong effort that charted at number three and spawned the R&B smashes "Fantasy" and the chart-topping "Serpentine Fire"; meanwhile, the Emotions topped the pop charts with the White-helmed smash "Best of My Love." The following year, White founded his own label, ARC, and EWF appeared in the mostly disastrous film version of Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, turning in a fine cover of the Beatles' "Got to Get You Into My Life" that became their first Top Ten pop hit since "Sing a Song." Released before year's end, The Best of Earth, Wind & Fire, Vol. 1 produced another Top Ten hit (and R&B number one) in the newly recorded "September."
1979's I Am contained EWF's most explicit nod to disco, a smash collaboration with the Emotions called "Boogie Wonderland" that climbed into the Top Ten. The ballad "After the Love Has Gone" did even better, falling one spot short of the top. Although I Am became EWF's sixth straight multi-platinum album, there were signs that the group's explosion of creativity over the past few years was beginning to wane. 1980's Faces broke that string, after which guitarist McKay departed. While 1981's Raise brought them a Top Five hit and R&B chart-topper in "Let's Groove," an overall decline in consistency was becoming apparent. By the time EWF issued its next album, 1983's Powerlight, ARC had folded, and the Phoenix Horns had been cut loose to save money. After the lackluster Electric Universe appeared at the end of the year, White disbanded the group to simply take a break. In the meantime, Verdine White became a producer and video director, while Philip Bailey embarked on a solo career and scored a pop smash with the Phil Collins duet "Easy Lover." Collins also made frequent use of the Phoenix Horns on his '80s records, both solo and with Genesis.
Bailey reunited with the White brothers, plus Andrew Woolfolk, Ralph Johnson, and new guitarist Sheldon Reynolds, in 1987 for the album Touch the World. It was surprisingly successful, producing two R&B smashes in "Thinking of You" and the number one "System of Survival." Released in 1990, Heritage was a forced attempt to contemporize the group's sound, with guest appearances from Sly Stone and MC Hammer; its failure led to the end of the group's relationship with Columbia. They returned on Reprise with the more traditional-sounding Millennium in 1993, but were dropped when the record failed to recapture their commercial standing despite a Grammy nomination for "Sunday Morning"; tragedy struck that year when onetime horn leader Don Myrick was murdered in Los Angeles. Bailey and the White brothers returned once again in 1997 on the small Pyramid label with In the Name of Love. After 2003's The Promise, the group realigned itself with several top-shelf adult contemporary artists and released 2005's Illumination, which featured a much-publicized collaboration with smooth jazz juggernaut Kenny G. ~ Steve Huey, All Music Guide
Selected Discography

Live In Japan
2008

Illumination
2005

The Promise
2003

Best Of The Best
2002

That's The Way Of The World: Alive In '75
2002

Live In Rio
2002

All 'N All (Digitally Remastered Version)
2000

Greatest Hits
1998

Elements Of Love: The Ballads
1996

The Eternal Dance
1992

Spirit
1976

Gratitude (Live)
1975

That's The Way Of The World
1975

Open Our Eyes
1974

Head To The Sky
1973
I agree with cliffmoney -- Can't do funk any better this amazing group. I dare you to not move while listening... . . .
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I remember being a teenager in New York City in 1976 and following a guy with a "boom box" (remember those) onto the subway and standing near him just so I could listen to "That's the way of the World" ........ I was hooked from that moment. I probably had eleven of their albums (remember THOSE) ..... aaahhhhh the 70's ...... : ) and 80's! You can't hide LOVE, well I bet'cha. Saw them perform in LA in 1984 - the show was all they say it is! Thank God for CD's! Blue eyed NYER
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Love Earth Wind & Fire, love Maurice Whitesvoice, such a pwerful group!!
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haha i'm 16 and from mexico and i remember them on the radio. lol
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The first time I heard of EWF was when I was 17 years old and I was visiting a friend who was a pre-med student at UCSanta Cruz. I just sat there in amazement and asked him who was that he was playing? He gave me the old album jacket and it was called "Head to the Sky" and a girl was singing some beautiful song on it. I don't remember her name but I remembered the album and went straight to a record shop and bought myself a copy. I shared that album with everyone I knew and soon lost it!
"Sing |
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EWF is my favorite R&B band! I listen to them every year on my birthday... all day long. I have 8 of their albums...yes vinyl. My children have listened to EWF all their lives and I bet they know all the words to almost all of EWF songs. It's good music, you can meditate, you can dance and you can make love to it! So what else is there? (Oh, yes you can sip some very lovely wine to it too!)
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Hey, Sample Room Guys! There are no other groups like this. EWF would be impossible to duplicate. Some try to imitate, but none come close. At least the imitators can be counted among we who appreciate! Nothing but love for all who do that! It's ALL about LOVE! (John 15:9-17)
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This twentysometh i n g white boy is a BIG EWF fan! Why aren't there more groups like this?
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simply put, my all-time favorite band. 1st time I saw them was as the opening act for War @ Madison Square Garden in New York City sometime in the very early '70's, needless to say w/ their sound & elaborate stage show War was unable to follow.
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I'm Home this weekend and turning of this station brings me home to a my teenage- young adult life from the 70's again
always thankful for the memories |
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Just attended the Earth, Wind and Fire concert (with Chicago) in California. It was outstanding!
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I love your song september. I wonder if DJ Bonnie did a remix. *shurgs* probally, she always makes remixes of great 70s' song. :)
~Cosmos N. |
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Hearing "After the Love is Gone" brings back so many memories of the summer when I was 15 and had a crush on a childhood friend (sigh). Those were the days! EWF is and will always be my favorite band! So talented and truly gifted! I saw them in concert in Charlotte in '06 and they can STILL rock the house!
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To Kametha; I just checked and they are playing in Atlanta again on August 25th. I have a friend who lives there and I am making arrangements to fly down to see him and EWF. Come on August 25th.!!!!! That will be the highlight of my summer. Thanks!
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EWF is the only group outside of Gospel that I get some type of spiritual experience when I hear their music. There is a positive force that exudes in their music. Especially, in their classic songs; Devotion, That's The Way Of The World, Fantasy, etc. This groups will never be out of style. God Bless EWF for their contribution to the world in the form of great music.
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I have been listening to EWF for as long as I can remember my favorite song is devotion, but I had no idea they had made so many albums. Raychail Compton,CA
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To Linda: You should definitely check their 2009 tour schedule. They just came through Atlanta with the band Chicago. Best show I've seen!!!
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The best music ever!! What a special group and still going strong. I would love to see them in person.....
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Earth, Wind & Fire = the best music of all time. I am reminded of my nephew when I hear Hearts of Fire. They were his favorite group. My nephew Binky was murdered in 98 and Nephew, I know your listening and as long as I live I will always remember you especially when I hear Earth Wind & Fire.
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The greatest band of all time! Not much else to say...
And caramel31fla v o r s , when I say that I have lived that exact same thing, it's uncanny. My dad's favorite group was EWF and I just find soooo much peace in hearing there music. I take it as a time to reach back and feel what my dad felt about great music. I understand caramel... |
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One of the hottest bands to ever grace a stage. Live they put on a show, on the radio they put knowledge in your earhole. They brought out the things that people wanted to hear their music was intelligent and it spoke to everyone.
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Growing up as an athelete many of my friends were african american, so i was exposed to this music during my teen years. I remember having 8 tracks of EWF. Some of the best music ever produced came out of the 70's with bands like the Commodores, Kool & the gang, Jackson 5, The Temptations, ect... This music trancsends cultural, ethnic and other boundaries. This music brings back alot of fond memories of the past.
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I love them so much they were my dads favorite group and everytime I listen to their songs it saddens me and brings joy because it reminds me of my father who past away. They are great and will always be the best.
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They are one of the best groups ever, rock included.
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